PPT ON JVC REPORT 2012

 

PPT ON EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS OF ISLAM

 

PPT ON TRAVEL AND TOURISM

 

STAGES OF SAMPLING

  

    

STAGES OF SAMPLING 

  

1	Defining the target population
2	Selecting the sample frame
3	Choosing the sampling method
4	Determining the sample size
5	Collecting the sample data

 

 Sampling is A process of selecting A subset of A population to represent the whole population for research purposes. Sampling can help researchers to save time, money and resources, as well as to generalize their findings to A larger group of people or objects. There are different stages of sampling in research, depending on the research design and the sampling method used. Here are some common stages of sampling in research: 

 

  

 

• Defining the target population:‎ 

  

This is the first stage of sampling, where the researcher identifies the group of people or objects that they want to study. The target population should be clearly defined in terms of characteristics, such as age, gender, location, occupation, etc. The target population should also be relevant and accessible for the research problem and objectives. 

  

• Selecting the sampling frame: 

  

This is the second stage of sampling, where the researcher chooses A list of all the members of the target population that can be contacted or reached. The sampling frame should be as close as possible to the target population, but it may not include all the members due to practical limitations. For example, if the target population is all the students in A university, the sampling frame could be the student registry or the student email list. 

  

• Choosing the sampling method: 

This is the third stage of sampling, where the researcher decides how to select A subset of the sampling frame to form the sample. There are two main types of sampling methods: probability and non-probability. Probability sampling methods use random selection techniques to ensure that every member of the sampling frame has an equal chance of being included in the sa ENIENCE, JUDGEMENT OR QUOTA. Probability sampling methods are more likely to produce representative and generalizable samples than non-probability sampling methods, but they may also require more time and resources. 

  

• Determining the sample size: 

  

This is the fourth stage of sampling, where the researcher calculates how many units or individuals, they need to include in the sample to achieve their desired level of accuracy and confidence. The sample size depends on various factors, such as the research design, the sampling method, the population size, the margin of error, and the confidence level. There are different formulas and tables that can help researchers to determine the appropriate sample size for their study. 

  

• Collecting the sample data: 

  

This is the fifth stage of sampling, where the researcher contacts and obtains information from the selected units or individuals in the sample. The data collection methods can vary depending on the research design and objectives, such as surveys, interviews, experiments, observation etc. The researcher should ensure that the data collection process is ethical, valid, reliable and consistent. 

  

These are some of the common stages of sampling in research that can help researchers to plan and conduct their studies effectively. However, depending on the nature and scope of the research problem and objectives, some researchers may also use additional or alternative stages of sampling, such as "stratification, clustering, multistage sampling, "etch....